Indian Constitution & Polity
The Constitution is the single most reliably examined topic in this section. Almost every question reduces to one of three things: which Article, which Amendment, or which Part. So don't read this page — work through it.
Start here: what do you already know?
Indian Constitution — true or false?
8 statements · 9s each
Commit to the numbers
Estimate, then check
1/4How many days did the Constituent Assembly take to frame the Constitution?
1,000days
Rights or Principles? Sort them
The most common trap in this topic is confusing Fundamental Rights (Part III, enforceable) with Directive Principles (Part IV, not enforceable).
Fundamental Right or Directive Principle?
0/6Organisation of village panchayats
Which group does it belong to?
Making of the Constitution
- The Constituent Assembly was formed in 1946 under the Cabinet Mission Plan; its first sitting was 9 December 1946.
- Dr. Rajendra Prasad — President of the Constituent Assembly.
- Dr. B.R. Ambedkar — Chairman of the Drafting Committee; called the Father of the Indian Constitution.
- Adopted 26 November 1949; came into force 26 January 1950.
- Took 2 years, 11 months and 18 days.
Sources: what came from where
The Fundamental Rights (Part III)
| Right | Articles |
|---|---|
| Right to Equality | 14–18 |
| Right to Freedom | 19–22 |
| Right against Exploitation | 23–24 |
| Right to Freedom of Religion | 25–28 |
| Cultural & Educational Rights | 29–30 |
| Right to Constitutional Remedies | 32 |
Right to Property was removed as a Fundamental Right by the 44th Amendment (1978) and is now a legal right under Article 300A.
Key Articles and Amendments
Exam tip: Drafting Committee → Ambedkar; Assembly President → Rajendra Prasad. Article 32 = heart and soul. 42nd = duties + socialist/secular; 44th = property removed; 61st = voting age; 73rd/74th = local bodies.