Federalism & Panchayati Raj
Panchayati Raj is examined almost entirely through two amendments and a set of numbers. The 73rd Amendment (1992) gave rural local government constitutional status; the 74th did the same for urban bodies. Knowing which is which, and the figures attached, answers nearly every question.
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Federalism & Panchayati Raj — true or false?
6 statements · 12s each
The two amendments
| 73rd Amendment | 74th Amendment | |
|---|---|---|
| Year | 1992 | 1992 |
| Covers | Rural — Panchayats | Urban — Municipalities |
| Added Part | IX | IXA |
| Schedule | 11th (29 subjects) | 12th (18 subjects) |
Both came into force in 1993. The 11th Schedule has 29 subjects and the 12th has 18 — these two numbers are asked directly.
The three tiers
- Gram Panchayat — village level
- Panchayat Samiti — block or intermediate level
- Zila Parishad — district level
The Gram Sabha is not a tier: it is the general body of all voters in the village, and the Gram Panchayat is answerable to it.
The reservations and term
- One-third minimum of seats reserved for women
- Seats reserved for SC and ST in proportion to population
- Term of every Panchayat: five years
- State Election Commission conducts the elections
- State Finance Commission reviews their finances every five years
Sort rural from urban
73rd (rural) or 74th (urban) Amendment?
0/6Gram Panchayat
Which group does it belong to?
Fix the numbers
Commit, then check
1/4Which amendment gave Panchayats constitutional status?
75rd
Method, in order
Match the item to its fact
Quick reference
Exam tip: fix the pair 73 = rural, 74 = urban, and the schedules 11 = 29 subjects, 12 = 18 subjects. Those four numbers cover the large majority of questions on local government.